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Science Photo Library. Retrieved from http://www.sciencephoto.com/media/254244/enlarge
Solunetti. Retrieved from http://www.solunetti.fi/en/patologia/diffuusi_mahasyopa_40x/
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Gastric Cancer
Gastric cancer is defined as uncontrolled growth in tissues lining the stomach. It is the fourth most common cancer [1] and the second leading cause of cancer death in the world [2]. It is estimated that 10,540 people succumb to stomach cancer each year in the United States [3] and it is responsible for 10% of all cancer-related deaths worldwide [2]. Stomach cancer has very few symptoms in its early stage, so it is often not identified until it the malignancy is quite advanced. Helicobacter pylori is a bacterium that colonizes in the stomach and is responsible for a large number of stomach cancer cases. More than 50% of new stomach cancer cases can be attributed to H. pylori infection [1].
Hereditary Diffuse Gastric Cancer
Diffuse gastric cancer is a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma that infiltrates into the stomach wall, causing thickening of the wall (linitis plastica) without forming a distinct mass. Diffuse gastric cancer tends to affect much of the stomach rather than staying in one area [4]. Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC) is autosomal dominant susceptibility for diffuse gastric cancer [5]. The average age for someone with HDGC to be diagnosed with stomach cancer is 38; gastric cancers not associated with this syndrome tend to occur in individuals older than 60 [4]. CDH1 is currently the only gene in which mutations are known to cause hereditary diffuse gastric cancer [5]. In people who have this gene mutation, the risk for diffuse gastric cancer is estimated to be about 65% for men and 80% for women [4]. HDGC is considered to be a distinct disease entity from the more common sporadic occurrence of gastric cancer, which can be associated with environmental factors, such as Helicobacter pylori infection [9].
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From YouTube 2007. Uploaded by ArkitekStudios. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pBUIb5jchVo.
References
1. www.cancer.org/acs/groups/content/.../document/acspc-027766.pdf
2. http://www.aboutgastro.com/conditions/gastric-stomach-cancer/overview-g
3. http://cancer.gov/cancertopics/types/stomach
4. http://www.cancer.net/patient/Cancer+Types/Hereditary+Diffuse+Gastric+Cancer
5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1139/
6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14630673
7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/999
8. http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene/CDH1
9. http://omim.org/entry/137215
2. http://www.aboutgastro.com/conditions/gastric-stomach-cancer/overview-g
3. http://cancer.gov/cancertopics/types/stomach
4. http://www.cancer.net/patient/Cancer+Types/Hereditary+Diffuse+Gastric+Cancer
5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1139/
6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14630673
7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/999
8. http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene/CDH1
9. http://omim.org/entry/137215